Eurypyga helias is distributed throughout parts of Central and South America. It inhabits dense, humid forests near rivers, streams, and swamps at low to mid elevations, typically below 5,000 feet. This species is considered plentiful within its range and is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List. It avoids open or disturbed areas and is rarely observed in urban or suburban environments, preferring densely vegetated habitats that provide cover and access to aquatic invertebrates.

Adults measure approximately 18 to 19 inches in length and weigh between 6.7 and 7.8 ounces. Both sexes display cryptic brown and black barring on the body, with striking wing patterns revealed only when the bird spreads its wings in a defensive or display posture—these wings show concentric red, black, and white markings that resemble eyespots. The head features sharp contrasting lines, including a white stripe above the eye and a reddish iris. It forages on the ground or in shallow water for insects, small fish, amphibians, and crustaceans, using a slow, stalking movement. An unusual behavior of this species is its “sunbathing” display, where it stretches its wings and tail on the ground, possibly as a thermoregulatory or anti-parasite behavior. Breeding pairs are monogamous and both sexes share incubation and chick-rearing duties. Nests are placed on low platforms above water or the forest floor, and the young leave the nest soon after hatching.