Native to the northeastern regions of South America, Aratinga solstitialis inhabits dry savannas, tropical deciduous forests, and coastal shrublands, often preferring open habitats with scattered trees and palm groves. This parrot, commonly known as the sun parakeet, has experienced significant population declines in the wild, primarily due to habitat destruction and capture for the pet trade. The global wild population is estimated to be fewer than 3,000 mature individuals and continues to decrease, leading to its classification as Endangered by the IUCN. It is not known to migrate and typically remains in localized areas year-round, forming noisy flocks that can include up to 30 individuals. Nesting takes place in tree cavities, with breeding pairs exhibiting strong pair bonds and cooperative behavior in raising young. It is not typically seen in urban areas but may forage near agricultural fields or fruiting trees on the edges of human settlements, particularly during the dry season.

It is easily identified by its bright golden-yellow plumage, orange face, green and blue flight feathers, and long tapered tail. Adults measure approximately 12 inches in length and weigh around 4.5 ounces. It is highly vocal, emitting a loud, high-pitched screech that is used for group coordination and alerting flockmates to potential threats. In captivity, it has become one of the most commonly bred parrot species due to its striking coloration, sociable nature, and ability to mimic simple sounds or words. The pet trade has been a major factor in its range-wide decline, particularly during the 1980s and 1990s when thousands were exported annually. It continues to be raised commercially, particularly in the United States and parts of Europe, where it is bred for sale by aviculturalists and private breeders.