The Buff-throated Saltator is a seed-eating bird found across a wide geographic range from southeastern Mexico to western Ecuador and northeastern Brazil. This bird is typically about 7.9 inches long and weighs between 1.5 to 1.8 ounces. Adult Buff-throated Saltators are characterized by a slate-grey head with a white supercilium, a greenish crown, olive green upperparts, grey underparts with a buff lower belly, and a distinctive buff throat edged with black. Their thick, convex bill and legs are black. Juveniles are duller in color, with a white-mottled blackish throat and breast, and brown markings on the lower underparts​​​​. The Buff-throated Saltator inhabits areas of dense vegetation and feeds on a variety of items including fruit from different plant families, buds, nectar, and slow-moving insects. It forages at low to mid levels, sometimes within mixed-species flocks. In terms of reproduction, the species lays two pale blue eggs per clutch, which are relatively large among Saltator eggs, measuring between 0.87 to 1.26 inches long and 0.65 to 0.85 inches wide, and weighing about 0.17 to 0.22 ounces each. These eggs are placed in a bulky cup nest, usually situated up to 6.6 feet high in a tree or bush​​. The population is over 5 million mature individuals. The species is classified as "Least Concern" by the IUCN. It is found in various habitats, including subtropical/tropical moist lowland and montane forests, swamp forests, and even heavily degraded former forests, at altitudes ranging from sea level up to 6,000 feet. Photographed in Santander, Colombia.