Originating in the Caribbean, it has become notably established as a weed in various tropical regions. The roots have been traditionally employed in tackling epilepsy, while in Brazil, it's used as an antiasthmatic remedy. Additionally, recent studies have shown a promise in its ethanolic stem extract exhibiting neuroprotective activity against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity. It's identified as a strongly poisonous plant. Photographed in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia.